The Lumbini Provincial Government has enacted 10 human rights-friendly laws since the establishment of the province, placing the protection, promotion, and implementation of human rights at the center of its legislative efforts.
According to the Provincial Acts Collection published by the Lumbini Provincial Assembly, 10 different bills had been passed and authenticated by the Provincial Chief by Jestha 2083 during the second term of the Provincial Assembly, and these laws have already come into force.
To protect and promote children’s rights, the provincial government enacted the Child Rights and Protection Act, 2018. The Act provides a legal basis for formulating and implementing child-friendly policies and plans.
Similarly, the Service and Rehabilitation Fund Act, 2021, was enacted to provide immediate protection, treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration services to individuals affected by domestic violence and human trafficking. The Act provides for the establishment of a fund to support the creation, operation, and management of service and rehabilitation centers.
To ensure the right to food security, the provincial government enacted the Pesticide Management and Regulation Act, 2025. The Act promotes the production and use of domestic, botanical, and biological pesticides. Likewise, the Market Regulation and Competition Promotion Act, 2020 has been implemented to protect consumer rights, maintain the quality of goods and services, and control black marketing and artificial shortages.
Provincial Assembly Secretary Durlabh Kumar Pun informed that the Slaughterhouse and Meat Inspection Act, 2018, was also enacted with the objective of ensuring that citizens have access to safe and quality meat products.
To guarantee citizens’ fundamental right to live in a clean environment, the provincial government enacted the Environment Protection Act, 2019. The Act establishes a legal framework for maintaining a balance between development and environmental protection, conserving biodiversity, controlling environmental pollution, providing compensation to victims, and addressing the challenges of climate change.
The Emergency Fund Operation Act, 2019, was enacted to manage disaster response and organize rescue and relief efforts during emergencies. In addition, the Good Governance Act, 2021, was implemented to promote good governance, improve public service delivery, and reduce corruption and administrative delays.
To make the health service system more organized and effective and to regulate the establishment, operation, renewal, and upgrading of private and community health institutions, the Health Institution Establishment, Operation, Renewal, and Upgrading Act, 2021 was enacted.
To ensure the rights of the Dalit community, which has historically been socially and economically marginalized, the provincial government enacted the Dalit Rights Act, 2025. The Act addresses issues such as education, health, employment, protection of traditional occupations, and land rights of the Dalit community. It is expected to contribute to a dignified life and inclusive development for Dalits.
Meanwhile, the Bill on the Protection and Promotion of the Customary Traditions of the Tharu Community, 2026, has already been tabled in the Provincial Assembly to protect the indigenous culture, identity, and rights of the Tharu community. According to Provincial Assembly Secretary Durlabh Kumar Pun, clause-by-clause discussions on the bill are currently underway in the thematic committee.
By legally addressing various dimensions of human rights, the Lumbini Provincial Government appears to be continuing its efforts to institutionalize the protection of citizens’ rights, social justice, good governance, and inclusive development.